Properties+of+matter+crosswalk

Properties of Matter Standards Crosswalking Document


 * ||
 * Lesson ||  Objective  ||  Standards Addressed (include prioritization E, I or C)  ||  Lesson Prioritization (E, I, C)  ||  Timing Suggestion(s)  ||
 * Investigation 1: Our Ideas About Matter ||  Observe some of the physical properties of matter in a variety of forms.
 * Investigation 1: Our Ideas About Matter ||  Observe some of the physical properties of matter in a variety of forms.

Practice making measurements with a variety of laboratory apparatus.

Practice safe lab technique. ||  1.1.3. Understand that: In a scientific investigation, data collection involves making precise measurements and keeping accurate records so that others can replicate the experiment. Be able to: Accurately collect data through the selection and use of tools and techniques appropriate to the investigation. **(E)** 1.1.4. Understand that: There is much experimental and observational evidence that supports a large body of knowledge. The scientific community supports known information until new experimental evidence arises that does not match existing explanations. This leads to the evolution of the scientific body of knowledge. Be able to: Form explanations based on accurate and logical analysis of evidence. Revise the explanation using alternative descriptions, predictions, models and knowledge from other sources as well as results of further investigation. **(E)** 1.1.5 Understand that: Evaluating the explanations proposed by others involves examining and comparing evidence, identifying faulty reasoning, pointing out statements that go beyond the evidence, and suggesting alternative explanations for the same observations. Conflicting data or conflicting interpretations of the same data suggest the need for further investigation. Continued investigation can lead to greater understanding and resolution of the conflict. Be able to: Communicate scientific procedures, data, and explanations to enable the replication of results. Use computer technology to assist in communicating these results. Critical review is important in the analysis of these results. **(I)**  || I ||  50 minutes  ||
 * Investigation 2: Determining Density ||  Explain the difference between mass and volume.

Calculate mass and volume using standard laboratory apparatus.

Describe density as a characteristic property of matter ||  2.1.1 All matter consists of particles too small to be seen with the naked eye. The arrangement, motion, and interaction of these particles determine the three states of matter (solid, liquid, and gas). Particles in all three states are in constant motion. In the solid state, tightly packed particles have a limited range of motion. In the liquid state, particles are loosely packed and move past each other. In the gaseous state, particles are free to move. **(E)** 2.1.3

Some physical properties, such as mass and volume, depend upon the amount of material. Other physical properties, such as density and melting point, are independent of the quantity of material. Density and melting point are unique physical properties for a material. Tools such as microscopes, scales, beakers, graduated cylinders, Celsius thermometers, and metric rulers are used to measure physical properties. **(E)** || E ||  100 minutes  ||
 * Investigation 3: Density Predictions ||  Predict whether an object will float or sink in water based on its density.

Determine the density of different liquids, and use these liquids to create a density column.

Use density to predict how solids will behave when they are placed in a density column. || 2.1.3. Some physical properties, such as mass and volume, depend upon the amount of material. Other physical properties, such as density and melting point, are independent of the quantity of material. Density and melting point are unique physical properties for a material. Tools such as microscopes, scales, beakers, graduated cylinders, Celsius thermometers, and metric rulers are used to measure physical properties. **(E)** || E ||  50 minutes  ||
 * Investigation 4: Do Gases Have Density? ||  Design an experiment that can be used to find out the mass of a sample of air.

Devise a procedure to determine the density of air. || 2.1.1 All matter consists of particles too small to be seen with the naked eye. The arrangement, motion, and interaction of these particles determine the three states of matter (solid, liquid, and gas). Particles in all three states are in constant motion. In the solid state, tightly packed particles have a limited range of motion. In the liquid state, particles are loosely packed and move past each other. In the gaseous state, particles are free to move. **(E)** || E ||  30 minutes  ||
 * Investigation 5: Temperature and Density ||  Create and calibrate a thermometer to measure air temperature.

Relate the operation of a thermometer to changes in volume and density of matter. || 2.1.1. All matter consists of particles too small to be seen with the naked eye. The arrangement, motion, and interaction of these particles determine the three states of matter (solid, liquid, and gas). Particles in all three states are in constant motion. In the solid state, tightly packed particles have a limited range of motion. In the liquid state, particles are loosely packed and move past each other. In the gaseous state, particles are free to move. **(E)**

2.1.2. A phase change may occur when a material absorbs or releases heat energy. Changes in phase do not change the particles but do change how they are arranged. **(I)**

2.1.3. Some physical properties, such as mass and volume, depend upon the amount of material. Other physical properties, such as density and melting point, are independent of the quantity of material. Density and melting point are unique physical properties for a material. Tools such as microscopes, scales, beakers, graduated cylinders, Celsius thermometers, and metric rulers are used to measure physical properties. **(E)** 2.1.4. An important property of materials is their ability to conduct heat. Some materials, such as certain metals, are excellent conductors of heat while other materials, such as glass, are poor conductors (good thermal insulators). **(I)**

2.1.5. Exposure to energy, such as light and heat, may change the physical properties of materials. **(C)** || E || 60 minutes  ||
 * Investigation 7: Just a Phase ||  Explore how the temperature of a substance undergoing a phase change varies with time.

Distinguish between heat and temperature. || 2.1.1. All matter consists of particles too small to be seen with the naked eye. The arrangement, motion, and interaction of these particles determine the three states of matter (solid, liquid, and gas). Particles in all three states are in constant motion. In the solid state, tightly packed particles have a limited range of motion. In the liquid state, particles are loosely packed and move past each other. In the gaseous state, particles are free to move. **(E)**

2.1.2. A phase change may occur when a material absorbs or releases heat energy. Changes in phase do not change the particles but do change how they are arranged. **(I)** 2.1.5. Exposure to energy, such as light and heat, may change the physical properties of materials. **(C)** || E || 50 minutes  ||
 * Investigation 8: Changing Matter and Mass ||  Design and conduct an inquiry to investigate what happens to mass when ice melts

Design an inquiry to test predictions about what happens to the mass of water when it freezes.

Discuss the concept of the conservation of mass during phase changes. ||  2.1.2. A phase change may occur when a material absorbs or releases heat energy. Changes in phase do not change the particles but do change how they are arranged. **(I)** 3.1.4. Heat energy comes from the random motion of the particles in an object or substance. Temperature is a measure of the motion of the particles. The higher the temperature of the material, the greater the motion of the particles. (I)  || C ||  50 minutes  ||
 * Investigation 9: The Mystery Object ||  Use density to identify the material from which an object is made.

Use knowledge and skills acquired to solve problems related to the characteristic properties of matter. || 2.1.1 All matter consists of particles too small to be seen with the naked eye. The arrangement, motion, and interaction of these particles determine the three states of matter (solid, liquid, and gas). Particles in all three states are in constant motion. In the solid state, tightly packed particles have a limited range of motion. In the liquid state, particles are loosely packed and move past each other. In the gaseous state, particles are free to move. **(E)** 2.1.3 Some physical properties, such as mass and volume, depend upon the amount of material. Other physical properties, such as density and melting point, are independent of the quantity of material. Density and melting point are unique physical properties for a material. Tools such as microscopes, scales, beakers, graduated cylinders, Celsius thermometers, and metric rulers are used to measure physical properties. **(E)**  || C- As a curriculum

E- as an assessment || 50 minutes  ||
 * Investigation 11: Pure Substance or Mixture? ||  Distinguish a pure substance from a mixture, and classify a mixture as homogeneous or heterogeneous.

Suggest criteria that could be used to identify a pure substance || 2.2.1. Mixtures can be homogeneous or heterogeneous. Mixtures may be solids, liquids, and/or gases. Most materials are physical mixtures consisting of different components in varying concentrations. The individual components can be separated using the components’ unique physical properties. ** (E) **

2.2.2. Solutions are homogenous mixtures of two or more components. The properties of a solution depend on the nature and concentration of the solute(s) and the nature of the solvent(s). ** (I) **

|| E || 50 minutes ||
 * Investigation 12: What Happens When Substances Are Mixed With Water? ||  Classify substances as either soluble or insoluble in water.

Discuss and define some terms that relate to solutions. || 2.2.1.  Solutions are homogenous mixtures of two or more components. The properties of a solution depend on the nature and concentration of the solute(s) and the nature of the solvent(s). ** (I) ** 2.2.2.  The rate of solubility is influenced by temperature and the surface area of the solute. ** (E) ** || I || 50 minutes ||
 * Investigation 13: How Much Solute Dissolves in a Solvent? ||  Examine a saturated solution

Design and conduct an experiment to determine the solubility of two different substances.

Discuss how solubility can be used to identify substances.

Investigate how temperature and solute surface area affect solubility. || 2.2.2 Solutions are homogenous mixtures of two or more components. The properties of a solution depend on the nature and concentration of the solute(s) and the nature of the solvent(s). ** (I) ** 2.2.3. The rate of solubility is influenced by temperature and the surface area of the solute. ** (E) **

2.2.4. Temperature of the solvent can affect the saturation point of the solution. ** (I) ** || E || 50 minnute ||
 * Investigation 14: Mass, Volume, and Dissolving ||  Predict what happens to the mass and volume of a solute when it dissolves in water.

Design and conduct an inquiry to investigate whether mass changes when sodium chloride is dissolved in water. ||    2.1.1. All matter consists of particles too small to be seen with the naked eye. The arrangement, motion, and interaction of these particles determine the three states of matter (solid, liquid, and gas). Particles in all three states are in constant motion. In the solid state, tightly packed particles have a limited range of motion. In the liquid state, particles are loosely packed and move past each other. In the gaseous state, particles are free to move. ** (E) **

2.2.2 Solutions are homogenous mixtures of two or more components. The properties of a solution depend on the nature and concentration of the solute(s) and the nature of the solvent(s). ** (I) ** 2.3.1. The total mass of the mixture is equal to the sum of the masses of the components. Total mass is conserved when different substances are mixed. ** (I) ** || E-I "Old McDonald" || 50 minutes ||  ||
 * Investigation 15: Separating a Soluble and an Insoluble Substance ||  Separate a mixture of a soluble and an insoluble solid by filtration.

Design and conduct an inqury to separate salt from water in a solution of salt water.

Design and conduct an inquiry to obtain a clean sample of salt from crushed rock salt. ||   2.2.1. Mixtures can be homogeneous or heterogeneous. Mixtures may be solids, liquids, and/or gases. Most materials are physical mixtures consisting of different components in varying concentrations. The individual components can be separated using the components’ unique physical properties. ** (E) **

1.1.3. Understand that: In a scientific investigation, data collection involves making precise measurements and keeping accurate records so that others can replicate the experiment. Be able to: Accurately collect data through the selection and use of tools and techniques appropriate to the investigation. ** (E) ** ||   ||   ||
 * Investigation 17: Separating Solutes ||  Describe a procedure to separate and collect the components of a mixture.

Use chromatography to separate and identify several solutes in a solution. ||  2.2.1. Mixtures can be homogeneous or heterogeneous. Mixtures may be solids, liquids, and/or gases. Most materials are physical mixtures consisting of different components in varying concentrations. The individual components can be separated using the components’ unique physical properties. ** (E) ** ||  ||   ||
 * Investigation 18: Changing Mixtures ||  Determine the effect of temperature on the solubility of a solid in water.  ||  2.2.3. The rate of solubility is influenced by temperature and the surface area of the solute. ** (E) **

 2.2.4. Temperature of the solvent can affect the saturation point of the solution. ** (I) **

||  ||   || Starting the Anchor Activity || Select a simple manufactured object to research
 * Investigation 10

Conduct library and internet researchon the major maaterials that make up the object you have chosen

Create and exhibit based on your research

Give an oral presentation on one of the materials that makes up the object you have chosen || 2.5.1. Synthetic materials and/or modified natural materials are produced to make products used in everyday life. ** (C) **

2.5.2. The production of new materials has social, environmental, and other implications that require analyses of the risks and benefits. ** (C) ** || C || 50 minutes ||